Back pain is common, with about nine out of ten adults experiencing it at some point in their life, and five out of ten working adults having it every year. Back pain is a common reason for absence from work and for seeking medical treatment. It can be uncomfortable and debilitating. It can result from injury, activity and some medical conditions. Some estimate up to 95% of people will experience back pain at some point in their lifetime. It is the most common cause of chronic pain, and is a major contributor of missed work and disability.
The majority of back pain is nonspecific with no identifiable causes. Common underlying mechanisms include degenerative or traumatic changes to the discs and facets joints, which can then cause secondary pain in the muscles, and nerves, and referred pain to the bones, joints and extremities.
The most common causes of lower back pain are strain and problems with back structures.
The most common causes of lower back pain are strain and problems with back structures.
Strain
Strained muscles often cause back pain. Strain commonly occurs with incorrect lifting of heavy objects and sudden awkward movements. Strain can also result from over-activity. An example is the sore feeling and stiffness that occurs after a few hours of yard work or playing a sport.
Structural Problems
Are the interlocking bones stacked on top of one another that make up the spine. Disks are areas of tissue that cushion the space between each vertebra. Disk injuries are a fairly common cause of back pain. Sometimes these disks can bulge, herniate, or rupture. Nerves can get compressed when this happens.
Arthritis
Spinal osteoarthritis is also a potential cause for back pain. It’s caused by damage and deterioration in the cartilage of joints in your lower back. Over time, this condition can lead to narrowing of the spinal column, or spinal stenosis.
Other Causes of Back Pain
There are many other potential causes of back pain, but most of these are rare. Be sure to see your doctor if you experience regular back pain that does not go away. After ruling out the more common causes of back pain, your doctor will perform tests to determine if you have a rarer cause.
These can include:
Anyone can develop back pain, even children and teens.
These factors might put you at greater risk of developing back pain:
Excess Weight: Excess body weight puts extra stress on your back
Diseases: Some types of arthritis and cancer can contribute to back pain
Age: Back pain is more common as you get older, starting around age 30 or 40.
Improper lifting: Using your back instead of your legs can lead to back pain.
Lack of exercise: Weak, unused muscles in your back and abdomen might lead to back pain.
There are many types of surgery used for back pain because there are many causes of back pain. If you do require surgery, your surgeon will recommend a surgery that's best for your pain. Some common surgeries used for back pain are:
“I think standing desks are effective – if you stand for an extended period of time, you are engaging your core,” says Dr. Roth. “The problem with sitting is that you have a tendency to stretch your posterior chain of muscles, hurting your interior core by causing an imbalance.”
"There’s nothing wrong with taking a daily supplement of a multivitamin. However, in terms of bone health, many consumers take a glucosamine supplement, yet the effectiveness has never been proven, The FDA does not regulate these supplements and it is considered unsupported. There may be anecdotal evidence, but no human studies have shown efficacy; perhaps, if there is a positive effect, it’s a placebo effect.”
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